Moreover, as a direct result of Article 80, the UN cannot transfer these rights over any part of Palestine (vested as they are in the Jewish People) to any non-Jewish entity, such as the Palestinian Authority. No wonder Jerusalem will be the location of the most epic battle of history! The Green line was an armistice line drawn up after the 1948-49 war under the auspices of the UN and it was intended to be temporary. In Elijah's day 7,000 did not bow the knee to Baal. 0000002378 00000 n As Jews started returning to their homeland around the start of the 20th century, the need to combat desertification became one of national importance. Death is the last enemy and is not destroyed until the close of the Millennium. 1270 Final Crusade arrives, and all its participants are massacred. Between 1955 and 2013 there were 77 UN resolutions against Israel, and just one against the Palestinians, link. 628 [CDATA[ Put a symbol next to any indication of timing. Where Did God's People Go After Captivity? They remained hopeful that their captivity would end through help from God. Even so, Israeli farmers have come a long way since the Zionist pioneers began clearing rock-strewn fields and draining the swampland. Yet to all who did receive him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God children born not of natural descent, nor of human decision or a husbands will, but born of God. Ezekiel was left behind in Jerusalem. They also include significant parts of present-day Syria i.e. Thankfully, according to Bible prophecy, such disputes will be short-lived as this age rapidly comes to a close. 142-129 B.C.E. The problem is that Israel is now occupying land previously conquered by Islam. Sixty-six percent said the Palestinians real goal should be to start with a two-state solution but then move to it all being one Palestinian state, link. All of Jerusalem was mandated to be part of the Jewish homeland under the 1922 League of Nations Mandate for Palestine and so Israels sovereignty over all of Jerusalem is well-founded. NO! In response to major Arab attacks (1948-49, 1967, 1973), or incessant rocket attacks from Gaza, Israel has exercised her right of self-defense under UN Charter Article 51. Who are the 144,000? This created a schism, a split within a religious group, in the Catholic Church. You will lend to many nations but will borrow from none. The new pope who was elected was Martin V. His election effectively ended the schism. 0000005666 00000 n Clearly, there have been dramatic changes in Israel/Palestine in little over 100 years, and not least in Israels demographics. | List He proved that too, by His resurrection from the dead. Roman Expulsion of Judaism: Factors, Background, & Events, St. Stephen & Early Christians | Persecution, Martyrdom & Facts, Religious Reform in Switzerland: Calvin & Zwingli's Teachings in the Reformation, Ancient Babylon | History, Timeline & Empire, The Jewish Diaspora History & Overview | How Did Judaism Spread, The Ecumenical Movement of the 20th Century. Age of Israelc. Timeline of the Babylonian Captivity 612 Babylonians and Medes conquer Assyria 605 Babylonians battle Egyptians at Carchemish 605 Nebuchadnezzar becomes king of Babylon 605 The Babylonians invade Judah 605 First wave of deportation of Jews to Babylon 605 Daniel is taken captive and begins to prophesy (Who is the Angel of the LORD?) Israel had to be obedient to Gods requirements in order to receive His blessings. When during the Second World War, the island of Malta came through three terrible years of bombardment and destruction, it was rightly awarded the George Medal for bravery; today Israel should be awarded a similar decoration for defending democracy, tolerance and Western values against a murderous onslaught that has lasted twenty times as long. Where have they all gone? These are the Jews who are at last honoured by the nations and who glorify God and serve Him on the Millennial earth. They are indeed a special people, male virgins who follow close to Christ wherever He goes (v4). Heaven is Gods throne and earth is meant for man. 2005: Israel unilaterally withdrew all of its military occupation forces and settlers from the Gaza Strip (evacuation of 8,500 Israelis from 21 Jewish settlements), but retained civil and security control of the West Bank. In Isaiah's time, despite Israel's sin, God did not destroy the nation but instead left a 'very small remnant' (Isa 1.9). In the course of researching my latest book on the Second World War, I recently visited Auschwitz-Birkenau. Here age is translated from the Greek ain, meaning an age or a cycle of time (not world as sometimes translated). 1. The popes who ruled in Avignon during this event included Pope John XXII from 1316-1334, Pope Benedict XII from 1334 to 1342, Pope Clement VI from 1342 to 1352, Pope Innocent VI from 1352 to 1362, Pope Urban V from 1362 to 1370 and Pope Gregory XI from 1370 to 1378. } was the first King of the Jews. 2 Samuel I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. First Temple, the national and spiritual center of the Jewish people, built in Jerusalem by King Solomon. 0000074417 00000 n Around 1880 the Turks ruled Israel/Palestine as part of the Ottoman Empire and there was only a small Jewish presence. There are many surprising things about this tiny, feisty, brave nation the size of Wales, but the most astonishing is that she has survived at all. 586 BC Babylonians conquer Jerusalem and Judah under Nebuchadnezzar and deport most of the southern Kingdom of Judah to Babylon. Each event will have happened during a specific period in Israels history. A perfect God-man relationship will be restored. At the same time, however, we have Scythians, Parthians, Gauthei, and related peoples "suddenly appearing" in Asia with Hebrew names and customs! Once the siege begins, he switches to prophecies against the Gentile nations some of whom are scoffing at Jerusalem. In 1915 there were just 83,000 Jews but this increased to over 6.2 million Jews in 2015. The Babylonian Captivity of the Church was caused by Pope Clement V. He fled to Avignon after he appointed nine French cardinals. Being forced to leave Judah, they lived in Babylon between 597 BCE and 538 BCE. Millennial Jerusalem will also be called the LORD is there (Ezek 48.35) and nations will go up from year to year to worship the LORD (Zech 14.16). What did they live for? This phrase was seen as a valid comparison, because they felt there was a separation of Christian believers and the homeland of their church. I would like to speak to you today as an historian, because it seems to me that the State of Israel has packed more history into her 62 years on the planet than many other nations have in six hundred. Josiah sought to bring about national revival but it was not to last and the prophetess Huldah (2Ki 22:14, 15, 16, 17) told him that after his death God would bring judgment upon Judah, for they had forsaken God and burned incense to other gods. 0000002312 00000 n The Southern or Kingdom of Judah lasted as an independent Kingdom from 930 to 597 B.C. Importantly, it is this return of Gods people that will eventually bring the nations to know God (Ezek 36.23). YES: THE CLAIM IS LEGAL ON TWO ACCOUNTS - Mythology, Overview, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's Mystical Theology, Mark Antony of Rome: Biography, Facts & Death, Dante Alighieri: Biography, Works & Quotes, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Note that there are 5 segment divisions of Ezekiel are at the top table of the chart at the top of this page. Verse 2 explains that it was the fifth of the month in the fifth year of King Jehoiachin's exile which would be 593 BC because Jehoiachin was taken from Jerusalem to Babylon in 597BC, and so the fifth year would be 593 BC and this was the year Ezekiel began his prophetic ministry which would span 2 decades ending around 573 BC. First led by Mattathias of the priestly Hasmonean family and then by his son Judah the Maccabee, the Jews subsequently entered Jerusalem and purified the temple. He began a tradition of the pope becoming involved in politics in France. 0000177422 00000 n The Catholic Church would later use the phrase to describe the movement of the papacy from Rome to Avignon. The most prominent feature of this much-disputed passage is the temple which Ezekiel saw in vision. As you go through these chapters one at a time, interrogate the text with the five W's and an H. Ask questions such as: What does Ezekiel see? Of His sanctuary near Jerusalem the LORD says: This is the place of My feet, where I shall dwell in the midst of the children of Israel (Ezek 43.7), Millennial life around Jerusalem is described in some detail. Resist the urge to glance at what the commentaries say until you have carefully observed the text. 1. Josiah, the last good king of Judah, restores some spiritual life in Judah and later in Israel. The Glory of Jehovah It was a little over 3 feet long and 2 foot wide and high and overlaid with pure gold. Subsequently, in 70 AD theRomans committed genocide against the Jews, smashed the Temple in Jerusalem and declared the land of Israel would be no more. function tl_categories_checked() { When does the glory return (what is the the first fulfillment of the glory returning)? In 2014, Israels proved reserves of natural gas were 10.1 trillion cubic feet (Tcf), and it is estimated that Israel may discover up to 200 Tcf. Putting their trust in Western Civilization was never again going to be enough. tl_categories_checked(); For this reason it is sometimes called The Temple Vision. What is to be done with the temple? These trees seem to have been deliberately planted to test how humans would use their free will. Obadiah Select: all / none. 405 0 obj<>stream Read each chapter carefully and do the following: a. Exodus God made a people for Himself for a very real purpose. Lamentations 722BC 66-73 C.E. Those who are victorious will inherit all this, and I will be their God and they will be my children. 0000177681 00000 n Israel is the central player in that spiritual world. JUDGMENTS AGAINST JUDAH TO JUDGMENT AGAINST THE NATIONS, THE LAST SECTION SHIFTS TO PROPHECIES OF We have seen the kingdom divided, and that was sad. Exodus 3:2 If you can understand the different periods a little, youll get much more out of your experience. wage armed struggle aimed at destroying the State of Israel June 5, 1967 to June 10, 1967 he Six-Day War between Israel and Arab states: Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq August 29, 1967 to September 1, 1967 Meeting of the Arab League in Khartoum, which laid down the "three no's": no peace with Israel, no recognition of Israel, no The stones of a palace erected by King David himself are even now being unearthed just outside the walls of Jerusalem. 1 Timothy But the truth about this powerful spiritual world is blurred, corrupted and buried by spiritual forces of darkness: For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms (Eph 6.12). 403 49 The reader is left in a maze, either groping for a mere ethereal and imaginary temple that was never supposed to have any substantial existence at all, or else being presented with an actual sanctuary set in an environment which clashes at every turn with the plans and specifications outlined by the prophet." We can dismiss the Genesis account as myth, and many do. Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout (University of Wisconsin), Merlot (California State University), OER Commons and the School Library Journal. We see the establishment of the State of Israel. In 1003 BC King David established Jerusalem as the capital of the Kingdom of Israel, and in 960 BC his son Solomon built the first Jewish temple. Luke 0000006399 00000 n For behold, I am coming and I will dwell in your midst Many nations shall be joined to the Lord in that day, and they shall become My people (Zech 2.10-11). Jerusalem and its temple were destroyed. 49,897 Jews returned from Babylon to Jerusalem. The Lord had sent the Israelites into captivity by the hands of the Assyrian and this was punishment for their sins. Record the theme or title of each chapter remembering to try to use words that are actually in the chapter. The Hebrew term Aliyah describes the relatively recent massive influx of Jews to their ancestral land, Israel. Judgments Against the Gloating Nations, Chapter 33-39 MapMaster assumed (based on copyright claims). 70 C.E. Radical Islam is never going to accept the concept of an Israeli State, so the struggle is likely to continue for another sixty years, but the Jews know that that is less dangerous than entrusting their security to anyone else. Maybe not. Is he a fallen angel? Unfortunately, as long as Arab countries refuse to recognize Israel and continue to attack her, such cohabitation would seem to be impossible. Zechariah In recent years, India has expressed the desire to deepen and develop ties with Israel, and some see India as Israels best friend in South Asia. The Babylonians, in 586, lay siege to Judah and Jerusalem one last time, destroying the city and burning Jerusalem's temple to the ground. Time ~ 7. How do historians determine Truth? Then after the fall in Chapter 33, he shifts to a message of hope which includes the promise of a new heart. Many holy sites are preserved, but with pagan shrines on them. Tiglath-pileser carried away the trans-Jordanic tribes and the inhabitants of Galilee ( 2 Kgs. 605 BC 1st SIEGE OF JERUSALEM & EXILE TO BABYLON: is described in 2Ki 24:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 3 John They believe that prophecy shows that Israel will become (if not already) Gods main witness in the world. There is absolutely no lengths to which our Government would not go to protect British subjects under those circumstances, and quite right too. The descendants of Abraham formed a nation (Israel) around 1300 BC after their Exodus from Egypt to Canaan under the leadership of Moses, and in 1004 BC King David established Jerusalem as the capital of the Kingdom of Israel. As history shows, the people of Israel strayed from their promise on Mount Sinai. This is the severe persecution of Israel under the final world government and world ruler, link the time of Jacobs trouble (Jer 30.7). Gurion, the recognised leader of the Jewish people, declares the existence of the sovereign State of Israel, according to UN Resolution 181. In fact, at one point, King Phillip IV had the pope suppress the Knights Templar. At the very end of this age prophecy indicates that all nations (Gentile and Islamic) will attempt a final invasion of Israel: I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem to battle (Zech 14.2) In the eleventh year of Zedekiah's reign, the king of Babylon took the Israelites from the Southern Kingdom captive and deported them to Babylon. Todays term for this ingathering or immigration of Jews to Israel is aliyah (Heb ascent). Only one lonely voice disturbed their peace the voice of Jeremiah prophesying in Judah (cf Jer 1:9, 10). Hezekiah was then the king of Judah, a good king who listened to Isaiah, God's prophet, so the kingdom of Judah was spared and only Israel, the ten tribes, were taken. Next: Adventures of Isaiah andHezekiah. Romans What do you learn for example about the glory of the Lord when you find that passage?, etc. Note the progression in your margin. According to the 1922 League of Nations Mandate for Palestine, the Jews could settle anywhere between the Jordan and the Mediterranean Sea, see map. God wants the church to call His people, wherever they are, back to Himself. I am both the source of David and the heir to his throne. The term Babylonian Captivity has been used to describe the period of time when the Jewish people were kept captive after the conquest of Judah. Abrahams wife Sarah bore him a son, Isaac, and Isaacs wife Rebecca bore Jacob. Why? Notice when Ezekiel's mouth is shut and then later opened. Future wars against Israel will be different from previous wars. No voter ever votes for an actual person. The table below shows the kings who reigned in Israel and Judah. The invasion could be imminent given the present Russian-Iranian alliance and Irans declared hatred of Israel. I saw the Holy City, the new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride beautifully dressed for her husband. In fact, his influence had begun to grow outside of religion and into politics. There will be an all-nation invasion of Israel at the very end of the age, with Jerusalem the objective (Zech 14.2). No longer will there be any curse. 0000177655 00000 n The Jewish contribution to finance, science, the arts, academia, commerce and industry, literature, philanthropy and politics has been astonishing relative to their tiny numbers. Deuteronomy We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2023) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Color Code Legend: King did right King did evil Other. He went over and took the ram and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son. This question is only meaningful in a spiritual (rather than secular) context. They were Hebrew Israelites. They will be permitted to enter through the gates of the city and eat the fruit from the tree of life. These historical sources include Persian documents that corroborate the Babylonian captivity and prove its occurrence. He also conquered areas east of the Jordan River and took the tribes of Gad, Reuben, and part of the tribe of Manasseh as well (2Kings 15:29, see also 1Chronicles 5:26). These are the ones who are refined through suffering and go on into the Millennial world with Christ at His Second Coming. The House of Judah was also rebellious and eventually suffered the same judgement. The location is politically sensitive in that the international community regard Jerusalem as part of both Israel and Palestine, and even that Jerusalem is not part of Israel [US Supreme Court, 2015]. It was improved by Herod in 19 BC and then destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD.Image: Ariely [CC BY 3.0], Wikimedia Commons, Israel's Recent History: The nation Israel can never be destroyed: God chose His servant nation Israel to be His special witness in the world, and the survival of the Jews throughout the ages is strong evidence of His presence. The return of Jews to Israel was prophesied (Ezek 37.21). 516 BCE - Cyrus Permits Jews in Babylonian Exile to Return to Jerusalem; Second Temple Built. This led to the Babylonian Captivity in which Jewish people were exiled from Israel. The term was later co-opted by the church during the Middle Ages. 14Do not turn aside from any of the commands I give you today, to the right or to the left, following other gods and serving them. The "Third Day" in Hosea - Does it predict Christ's Resurrection? The people of Israel are once more becoming Gods witness to the nations. They will be his people, and God himself will be with them and be their God. This was referred to as the Babylonian Captivity of the Church. FACT: the blessing came through Isaac, Jacob, Judah to Christ salvation for all mankind is of the Jews (Jn 4.22). The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings. The Jewish people were forcefully removed from their homeland, and taken to Babylon in captivity. prophecies of Elijah, Micaiah, and Elisha. 1 Israel and Judah Conquered When Assyria was a world power, Israel was captured and its people exiled northward to the area whence Abraham had come so long ago. Councils were held to try to resolve the issue. Before Moses died he blessed the tribes of Israel and some of these blessings involved blessing of the sea and the land. This will happen at some point in the future. More . 5Your basket and your kneading trough will be blessed. 1000 BC. Muslims conquered The Levant (which embraces all of Israel and much more, link) in the 7th century and the land of Israel remained in Muslim hands (apart from the brief Crusader period) until liberated from the Muslim Turks by the British in 1917. Persian Emperors List & Timeline | Cyrus, Cambyses II & Darius. In a distinctive way, mark when the final vision is given. Although the whole earth is Mine, you will be for Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. Christ's Resurrection Prophesied in the Old Testament DANIEL 9:24-27 This reflects the PA leadership position: We will never accept a Palestinian state without Jerusalem as its capital [Mahmoud Abbas, May, 2011]. The home of the pope remained in Avignon until 1378. He took Israelites from the cities of Ijon, Abelbethmaachah Janoah, Kadesh, Hazor, Gilead, Galilee and Naphtali. The OT refers to this time as Jacobs distress: Alas, for that day is great, there is none like it; and it is the time of Jacobs distress, but he will be saved from it (Jer 30.7), Many Israelis suffer, but a remnant (one-third) survives (Zech 13.9). As Mark Twain remarked: All things are mortal but the Jews; all other forces pass, but he remains. Clement V fled from Rome and moved the base of the papacy to Avignon, France. Did you see Gods caveat? They also have a 6-12 Social Studies Certification. For example, Anna the prophetess was of the tribe of Asher (Luke 2:36). Amos 16 chapters | m3RCy5S)EzHiDn`r }M{ XN95`,/qh0W9jfA)ZPt{Msp6?5|FK%mn9k{{Z. Think about the billions of humans born since the world began. When God allowed the Israelites to be captured by the Assyrians he allowed this to happen at different intervals of time. Byzantine Period Reestablished 628638 AD. Being forced to leave Judah, they lived in Babylon. 333 BC Alexander the Great defeats the Persian Empire and sets out to conquer the world. Jerusalem is the site of the Temple of Solomon and Herod. This point occurs just after the final siege of Jerusalem begins (Ezekiel 24:2). Because of their sins, chief of which was idolatry, the kingdom lasted only 208 years. Chart from recommended resourceJensen's Survey of the OT- used by permission More . Where is it to be placed? Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University. We learn from this story that God is merciful and longsuffering, but when people persistently depart from his word they will reap what theysow. A large influence on the establishment of the papacy in Avignon was Clement V, who became pope in 1305. Where is this tragic divine departure recorded? God told Abram that his descendants would become a great nation and that through this nation all the nations of the earth would be blessed (Gen 12.1-7). Currently, Israel has strong support from some western NGOs like Freedom House. It is claimed that the BDS campaign has a much wider objective; namely, the elimination of the Jewish State and should be stopped, link. 1948 On the day when the British Mandate in Palestine expired, the State of Israel was instituted on May 14, 1948, by the Jewish National Council under the presidency of David Ben Gurion. In Europe, many of these migrating tribes were called the Saxons, Germans, Jutes, Alani (Alans) and Goths. Tribe of Reuben History & Descendants of Jacob in the Bible | Who is Reuben, Son of Jacob? What is he told to do? The Christian Jewish Foundation, CJF Ministries, exists to make Jesus (Yeshua) the Messiah known to the Jewish people first and then to the nations (Romans 1:16). Area A is under full control of the Palestinian Authority, Area B is under Palestinian civil control and shared Palestinian and Israeli security control, and Area C (62% of the West Bank) is under full Israeli control. 950 BCE Solomon builds the first Temple of Jerusalem . Secondly, God used the ark as an indicator of when He wanted the Israelites to travel, and when to stop. Besides blessing all nations through Christ, God made Israel to be His witness to the nations (Isa 43.10) and to be His servant (Isa 49.3). Lets read about the creation of mankind: Now the Lord God had planted a garden in the east, in Eden; and there he put the man he had formed. Whilst some claim that the 6-Day war in June 1967 was miraculous in that Israel overcame huge superiority in armour, aircraft and troops, future wars will certainly be unique. The etymology of the name Israel is not clear, although Gen 32.28 implies that Jacob and his descendants would struggle but prevail. 2095 BC Abraham moves to the land of Canaan from Ur of the Chaldeans. Rome (Pompey) annexes the land of Israel. Listen to this secret truth: we shall not all die, but when the last trumpet sounds, we shall all be changed in an instant, as quickly as the blinking of an eye. Mark key words as before; however, add to your list temple (sanctuary, house), holy, offering, and gate(s). Why such Jewish genius? As the scriptures say, Abraham believed God, and God counted him as righteous because of his faith. In the Book of II Kings we read of the deportation of the Jews from their land to the land of Babylon, and then the Book ends 37 years later with the account of Jehoiachin who was blinded and in captivity in Babylon. According to a recent Stanley Greenberg poll, only 34% of Palestinians accept two states for two peoples as the solution. The Apostle John wrote in the book of Revelation that Eden will be restored and populated by all who believe in Jesus. A river watering the garden flowed from Eden; from there it was separated into four headwaters. It explains the chosen paths of Hitler and Wilberforce for example; one man destroyed humanity whilst the other helped humanity. They will come at you from one direction but flee from you in seven. Today, out of thew 8.3 million people in Israel (2015) the demographic mix is: Jewish (75%), Arab (21%), Others, including Christian (4%). He was instead in Avignon France. Interpretations of the Bible abound, but what is actually written? 1 Samuel King Jehoiakim experienced the arrival of the Babylonians and he was forced to pay them tribute. From the rise of Zionism to the present day, Israel has not been welcomed on the world scene. Genesis This is both dramatic and traumatic, but ends in glory and victory. In 1967 the armies of Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon (and later Iraq) attacked Israel, but were defeated in just six days despite the huge Arab superiority in armour, aircraft and troops. . At the very end of this age 144,000 are drawn from twelve tribes of Israel and sealed for their protection (Rev 7.3,4). After all, Israel is just some 8 million people living on land the size of Wales! Joseph is 39 when his father Jacob arrives in Egypt. War(fare) & Battles trailer This had never happened before. As Gods witnesses and servants they are to turn many to righteousness (Dan 12.3) in very troubled times as nations crumble (Lk 21.25, Dan 2.34,35) and Gods judgments on the earth begin. Ascendant empire ~ Babylon. Map copyright: By No machine-readable author provided. It is a disgrace that no senior member of the Royal Family has ever undertaken an official visit to Israel, as though the country is still in quarantine after more than six decades. Now there were two popes, and Catholics were unsure of who officially held authority. Note that Jesus leaves the ball in our court! Ezekiel Chartfrom Charles Swindoll After initial success of the attackers, Israel managed to cross the Suez into Egypt and endangered Cairo. (Israel was sometimes called "Ephraim," named for the largest tribe; and sometimes called "Samaria," named for its capital city.) In the New Testament, Romans 11.24 speaks of this ingathering as a grafting of scattered Israel into their own cultivated olive tree (whose rootage was in the Patriarchs, particularly Abraham). But it is not just creation alone which groans; we who have the Spirit as the first of Gods gifts also groan within ourselves as we wait for God to make us his children and set our whole being free. The 1922 League of Nations sub-division. Kibbutzim played a key role in Israels agricultural development, defense and political leadership, 1917: Balfour Declaration: the British government supported Zionist plans for a Jewish national home in Palestine, and General Allenby liberated Jerusalem from the Turks, giving Jews access to the city, 1920: The San Remo Peace Conference gave Britain a provisional Mandate for Palestine based upon the Balfour declaration, 1922: The League of Nations gave unanimous approval for a Jewish national homeland in Palestine and formalized the British Mandate, 1947: Arab nations reject the UN Partition Plan for an Arab state and a Jewish state, 1947: The Exodus, a refugee ship, was captured by the British off Palestine and 4,500 Holocaust survivors returned to German prison camps, 1948: Establishment of the State of Israel and declared open for Jewish immigration.

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